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1.
This paper investigates an approach to limit the fullness of ‘tuning’ provided by wave-by-wave impedance matching control of wave energy devices in irregular waves. A single analytical formulation based on the Lagrange multiplier approach of Evans [1] is used to limit the velocity amplitude while also limiting the closeness of the phase match between velocity and exciting force. The paper studies the effect of the present technique in concurrently limiting the device velocity and the required control/actuation force. Time domain application requires wave-profile prediction, which here is based on a deterministic propagation model. Also examined in the time domain is the effect of possible violation of the displacement constraint, which for many designs implies impacts at hard stops within the power take-off mechanism. Time domain simulations are carried out for a 2-body axisymmetric converter (with physical end-stops) in sea states reported for a site off the US east coast. It is found that the approach leads to effective power conversion in the less energetic sea states, while as desired, considerable muting of the optimal response is found in the larger sea states. Under the assumptions of this work, the end-stop collisions are found to have a minor effect on the power conversion. The present approach could be used to guide the design of power take-off systems so that their displacement stroke, maximum force, and resistive and reactive power limits are well-matched to the achievable performance of a given controlled primary energy converter. 相似文献
2.
Soil salinization, caused by salt migration and accumulation underneath the soil surface, will corrode structures. To analyze the moisture-salt migration and salt precipitation in soil under evaporation conditions, a mathematical model consisting of a series of theoretical equations is briefly presented. The filling effect of precipitated salts on tortuosity factor and evaporation rate are taken into account in relevant equations. Besides, a transition equation to link the solute transport equation before and after salt precipitation is proposed. Meanwhile, a new relative humidity equation deduced from Pitzer ions model is used to modify the vapor transport flux equation. The results show that the calculated values are in good agreement with the published experimental data, especially for the simulation of volume water content and evaporation rate of Toyoura sand, which confirm the reliability and applicability of the proposed model. 相似文献
3.
从知道某些天体具有磁场起,人们就对其磁场的起源提出种种解释,例如有电池说,转子说,化石说,发电机说等等。但由于这些学说都分别与某些观测事实相抵触而未被公认,因此星球磁场的起源一直是未能解决的命题。余先河先生提出,星球的磁场起源可能与所受的引力有关,行星的磁场强度正比于其所受卫星的引力;正比于卫星与行星的引力连线转动的相对角速度。本文对这两方面的命题分别进行了相关分析,得到其相关系数分别为:r=0.8481和r=0.8425,它们都在a=0.01的信度水平上相关。结果表明余新河关于行星磁场起源的设想是有基础的。本文还对其统计结果和可能机制进行了讨论。 相似文献
4.
Eduardo E. Alonso Sarah M. Springman Charles W. W. Ng 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2008,26(6):817-826
Two large-scale “in situ” demonstration experiments and their instrumentation are described. The first test (FEBEX Experiment)
involves the hydration of a compacted bentonite barrier under the combined effect of an inner source of heat and an outer
water flow from the confining saturated granite rock. In the second case, the progressive de-saturation of Opalinus clay induced
by maintained ventilation of an unlined tunnel is analyzed. The paper shows the performance of different sensors (capacitive
cells, psychrometers, TDR’s) and a comparison of fill behaviour with modelling results. The long term performance of some
instruments could also be evaluated specially in the case of FEBEX test. Capacitive sensors provide relative humidity data
during long transient periods characterised by very large variations of suction within the bentonite. 相似文献
5.
The wave pressure and uplift force due to random waves on a submarine pipeline (resting on bed, partially buried and fully buried) in clayey soil are measured. The influence of various parameters viz., wave period, wave height, water depth, burial depth and consistency index of the soil on wave pressures around and uplift force on the submarine pipeline was investigated. The wave pressures were measured at three locations around the submarine pipeline (each at 120° to the adjacent one). It is found that the wave pressure and uplift force spectrum at high consistency index of the soil is smaller compared to that of low consistency index. Just burying the pipeline (e/D=1.0) in clayey soil reduces the uplift force to less than 60% of the force experienced by a pipeline resting on the seabed (e/D=0.0) for Ic=0.33. 相似文献
6.
根据海南岛榆林验潮站1954~1992年连续39a潮位观测资料,经过统一基准面校正后,运用多种统计分析方法研究,得出近40a来海南岛南岸的相对海平面变化呈上升趋势,相应的平均上升速率为0.64mm/a,这一数值较近百年来1~2mm/a的全球海平面上升速率明显偏小,反映出同期海南岛南岸的地面是微弱抬升的。 相似文献
7.
中国沿岸现代海平面变化及未来趋势分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文用线性回归分析方法,分1985年以前和1992年以前两个时段,对我国沿岸25个验潮站近百年来的海平面资料进行了系统分析,计算了两个时段相对海平面变化的年速率和平均海面高度,论述了海平面变化的主要控制因素,并对未来海平面变化趋势进行了预测。计算结果表明,近百年来我国沿岸相对海平面在总体上不但持续上升,而且近年来上升速率普遍加快;根据海平面变化的主要控制因素变化趋向,预计到下世纪中叶前后,全球性海平面大幅度上升的可能性不大,我国沿岸区域性海乎面平均上升幅度不超过15cm,不同岸段因地壳升降差异性大而有较大差别。 相似文献
8.
The survey for the HEIFE(Atmosphere-Land Surface Processes Experiment at Heihe River Basin,Western China) is given in the paper.The following basic subjects for land-surface processes in arid areas are studied:(1) the general characteristics of the energy budget on ground surface in arid areas;(2) the parameterization of the land surface processes;(3) the interaction between oasis and its desert circumstances,a special phenomenon in arid areas.The analysis shows that the sensible heat flux in the surface energy budget is in the majority,and the latent heat flux may be neglected.The influence of atmospheric stratification stability on the turbulent transfer of energy and substance must be considered in parameterization of land surface processes in arid areas.The "cold island effect" phenomenon in oasis and the "humidity inversion" phenomenon in desert near oasis are the result of the interaction between them.The results would improve the understanding of land surface processes in arid areas. 相似文献
9.
Herein we document and interpret an absolute chronological dating attempt using geomagnetic paleointensity data from a post-glacial sediment drape on the western Antarctic Peninsula continental shelf. Our results demonstrate that absolute dating can be established in Holocene Antarctic shelf sediments that lack suitable material for radiocarbon dating. Two jumbo piston cores of 10-m length were collected in the Western Bransfield Basin. The cores preserve a strong, stable remanent magnetization and meet the magnetic mineral assemblage criteria recommended for reliable paleointensity analyses. The relative paleomagnetic intensity records were tuned to published absolute and relative paleomagnetic stacks, which yielded a record of the last ∼8500 years for the post-glacial drape. Four tephra layers associated with documented eruptions of nearby Deception Island have been dated at 3.31, 3.73, 4.44, and 6.86 ± 0.07 ka using the geomagnetic paleointensity method. This study establishes the dual role of geomagnetic paleointensity and tephrochronology in marine sediments across both sides of the northern Antarctic Peninsula. 相似文献
10.
Nadia Curetti Davide Levy Alessandro Pavese Gabriella Ivaldi 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,32(10):670-678
The elastic properties of coexisting natural 3T and 2M
1 phengite samples (Cima Pal, Sesia Zone; Val Savenca; Western Alps, Italy) with similar chemical compositions have been studied by room temperature–high pressure powder diffraction, using synchrotron radiation on the ID9A beam-line at ESRF (Grenoble, France). The P–V curves have been modelled by the Birch–Murnaghan model; a third-order expansion fitted to the experimental data yields for 3T and 2M
1 K
0=60.4(±0.7) GPa, K′=5.79(±0.11) at V
0=703.8851 Å3, and K
0=57.3(±1.0) GPa, K′=6.97(±0.24) at V
0=938.8815 Å3, respectively. The relative stability of 3T vs. 2M
1 has been explored as a function of pressure and temperature in terms of configuration and deformation contributions to the Gibbs energy, using the elastic properties determined here and other thermodynamic parameters from earlier investigations. The results presented agree with the hypothesis of stability of the 3T polytype in the high pressure regime. 相似文献